THE DISEASE COUGHS AND COLDS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

THE DISEASE COUGHS AND COLDS

IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

Babies and young children often experience the illness coughs and colds. Generally children can experience every month and this occurs approximately 1 to 2 weeks. Therefore for mothers should understand this disease, including the use of drugs.

The founders of cough colds in children is difficult because of myriad factors determined who became the founders of cough and colds.  

The following is the cause of the onset of cough and colds:

1. Use of the fan in the back blew dust all over the room.
2. The use of air conditioning at night can cause an allergic reaction that made the child's nasal congestion, it becomes difficult to breathe so that the child was breathing through the mouth.
3. Contracting friends at day care, school, playground. Public area where many children play so lets kids easily infected with cough colds from friends sepermainannya.
4. Contracting close family members. Parents, caregivers or family members of the other housemates should familiarize yourself immediately using the mask so the flu strikes so as not to rub off on the child.
5. Less healthy environments, high pollution, there are active smokers in the home.
6. Consume foodsthat are lesshealthy, such asspendingrecklessly, snacksthat makethe throatitching, etc

 Cough

Causes of cough in infants and children are usually the respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus (RSV) and influenza viruses. Coughing can also appear because of an increase in the production of phlegm which is triggered by a viral infection or allergy.

Duration of cough hanging from each cause. A cough that is caused by the inveksi virus can take up to 2 weeks. Could be longer if the child is sensitive or allergic to.

Colds

Cold fact is not an illness, but sometimes very disturbing.

Symptoms of colds are typically characterized by:

1. Blockage of the respiratory tract (nasal congestion)
2. Body temperature rise or low-grade fever
3. Sneezing
4. Liquid mucus out of the nose
5. Sore throat making it hard to swallow
6. Hoarseness and coughs.

FIX COUGHS AND COLDS ARE PROPERLY

Coughs and colds in infants and children is mainly caused by a viral infection. Surely no one obatpun that can heal a cough colds, because up to now there are no antiviral drugs for cough and cold. Runny nose cough medicine available in the market are actually only serves to relieve symptoms of colds cough that sometimes can be very annoying, cause a child not able to rest and eat well.

Because it is caused by a virus, then coughs colds in infants and children is self limiting and can heal themselves. That can cause colds cough is cured of the durability of the body of the child itself. Therefore efforts to increase durability of the body of a child is a very important points to speed up the recovery process.

Do the following to improve the durability of the body of the child's cough colds:

1. BREAST MILK until the age of 2 years. The antibodies found in breast milk is able to fight off viral infections that cause coughs colds.
2. Balanced and nutritious fruits that contain lots of vitamins such as apples, oranges, kiwi, fruit, etc.
3. Adequate rest. Help your child to more rest for pain. Subtract the portion of play and select games that are not too drained of energy. If necessary, the child does not need to be studied first.
4. Dry morning. The sunlight in the morning turned out to be the little immune boost because during exposure to the rays of the morning sun, the body issuing more white blood cells.

Unfortunately, often the symptoms experienced by children in cough colds feels so disturbing. Nasal congestion and coughs constantly make children lazy suckle, lazy and can't sleep well. But as it has been articulated above, the third – BREAST MILK, eat and rest – is indispensable to improve the durability of the body.

In this condition, the attempt to relieve the symptoms of non-pharmacological therapy,/non pharmacological therapy or drugs/medications needed to make the child more comfortable.

NON-DRUG THERAPY 

The therapy is done to relieve the symptoms of cough colds in children who do not use medicines and interventions. Non-pharmacological therapy should be kept to its fullest before you decide to use the therapeutic/pharmacological/therapeutic drugs.

Many things that parents can do it at home (home treatment) to help reduce the symptoms of coughs colds suffered. Among Them:

1. Bathing in the morning. In addition to increasing immune, sunlight will also warm up the respiratory tract the little one so can help thin the mucus.
2. Mandikan child with warm water
3. drinking lots of. Increase fluid intake in children by giving him to drink more: ASIP, white water, fruit juice. In this way, children are spared from dehydration, prevent throat not dry as well as more dilute phlegm 
4. set the position of the pillow. In infants, use higher on pillows while sleeping to help relieve a stuffy nose.
5. In addition to maintaining the cleanliness of the body though the little one was sick, shower with lukewarm water can increase the moisture of the air and relieve cough.
6. For children, gargling with salt water can reduce pain in the throat.
7. Steam Therapy
8. Vacuum the snot. To help remove mucus, in the market are also available vacuum nose (nasal aspirator/nose cleaner). Its use is still so contentious because it is argued can damage tissue in the nose. If you want to use, select the shape of the bottle with a small rubber plastic to siphon. This Model uses an air pressure of pump rubber to help pull the snot in nose. This Model is better than any vacuum tube model the snot that was equipped with a long hose, vacuum the snot using air pressure of the mouth which may cause displacement of bacteria. Use a special brand of baby products. Read the instructions of use. Sterilkan first before use. Enter the vacuum into the nostrils, but don't be too deep. Do it gently so as not to irritate the baby's nose. Make sure tools are washed clean and sterilized after use.
9. Can help moisturize the air so as to help relieve the breath and thins mucus so easy, lenders issued. Here's how: put a basin containing hot water in a corner of the room. Tetesi with eucalyptus oil or other oils. Let the steam fills the room and inhaled by the grassroots. Should AIR CONDITIONING turned off or if absolutely necessary, the temperature is regulated in such a way that the steam still feels and effective.
10. Rinse out
11. Help your child put out a runny nose. The baby has yet to be requested to be snot nose and breathed out. But it may help the baby breathe more relief. Therefore the baby's runny nose wipe it with a tissue or handkerchief. Press-press gently sticks her nose (not too hard huh). This gentle pressure helps remove phlegm. To clear the mucus dries scars around the nostrils, use a cotton bud and wet wipe it slowly. Don't put cotton bud too deep.
12. Brush Balsam/oil. Warm your little one with the chest rubbing balm or oil accordingly. This way can help thin the phlegm and relieve respiratory tract. Select the appropriate product age, so that the child is comfortable and not so hot. Examples of balsam which could be used inter alia, Vick Vaprub (adjust with age because the effect is hot enough), Transpulmin BB, etc. While the oil that can be used include: telon oil, eucalyptus oil, and others

PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY/DRUGS

Pharmacological/therapeutic drugs can be used if non-pharmacological therapies have resulted in maximum results. There are drug therapies that can be purchased at a pharmacy itself to swamedikasi, there are drug therapy should be based on the prescription or on a discussion with a pharmacist.

For the purposes of swamedikasi, the use of the drug should only if absolutely necessary and adjusted with the symptoms. Some drugs that can moms use is:

1. physiological NaCl Solution drops 0.9%. Can be bought in pharmacies. Useful to moisturize nasal membranes are dry and inflamed due to colds, allergies or air humidity is low. A solution of NaCl will this work reduces the secretion of the mucous that helps remove mucus from the nose. Squirt 1-2 drops in each nostril. May be repeated a moment later or at least 3 times a day. Although this product can be used for children and babies ages 1 month to the top, its use should remain cautious on a baby who was still very young.
2. Paracetamol. Antipyretic medication or lowering the heat that is safe to use on infants and children. Should only be used if the child has a fever above 38.5 c. less than the temperature, we recommend that you optimize the non drug therapies to resolve the fever.

THE DRUG OVER THE COUNTER (OTC)  

The use of cough colds which is free should not carelessly. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) highly recommends that parents avoid using cough colds are sold freely in the market for children under 3 years because of potential side effects that may harm the baby and child < 2 years. In Indonesia alone, the FDA advice to implement with determination the dose starts from the age of 2 years. For security reasons, parents should not violate the rules listed in the dose packaging of drugs with OTC medications give dabble at children aged less than 2 years and modify own dose (dose reduced itself) without a proper basis.

Use Of Antibiotics

Understand the use of antibiotics. Antibiotic use in cough colds caused by the viral infection so has no basis. In addition to antibiotics will not provide therapeutic effects, side effects and the risk of resistance should be a consideration in the use of antibiotics in cough colds due to virus infection.

Therefore, parents should prioritize and optimize the non pharmacological therapy in such a way in handling infants and children with coughs colds. If cough colds still ongoing more than 7 days of non-pharmacological therapy though has been attempted, or if symptoms seem heavy and very troubling, should immediately consult a doctor.